Shell Script

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From《鸟哥的Linux私房菜——基础学习篇》Part-13

helloworld.sh

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#!/bin/bash
# Program:
# 	This program shows "Hello World!" in your screen.
# History:
# 2017/01/01	beiping96	First release
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH
echo -e "Hello World! \a \n"
exit 0

Exec Shell Script

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# 当子进程执行完成后，子进程内的各变量或操作将结束，而不会传回给父进程


# 			Script在子进程中运行
# 直接执行
# 	helloworld.sh 必须要有可读和可执行(rx)权限
# 	绝对路径
/home/xx/helloworld.sh
# 	相对路径
./helloworld.sh
#	将helloworld.sh放在PATH指定的目录内
helloworld.sh
# 以bash子进程执行:
bash helloworld.sh
sh helloworld.sh


# 			Script在父进程中运行
# 使用 source 或者 小数点 . 来执行
source helloworld.sh
. helloworld.sh

read.sh

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#!/bin/bash
# Program:
# 	User inputs his first name and last name. Program shows his full name.
# History:
# 2017/01/01	beiping96	First release
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH

read -p "Please input your first name: " firstname 	# 提示用户输入
read -p "Please input your last name: " lastname 	# 提示用户输入
echo -e "\nYour full name is: $firstname $lastname"

create3files.sh

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#!/bin/bash
# Program:
# 	Program creates three files, which named by user's input and date command.
# History:
# 2017/01/01	beiping96	First release
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH

# 1.用户输入文件名，获取fileuser
echo -e "I will use 'touch' command to create 3 files."
read -p "Please input your filename: " fileuser
# 2.为避免用户随意按[Enter]，利用变量功能分析文件名是否设置
filename=${fileuser:-"filename"} 	# 判断开始是否有配置文件名
# 3.date命令取日期
date1=$(date --date='2 days ago' +%Y%m%d)
date2=$(date --date='1 days ago' +%Y%m%d)
date3=$(date +%Y%d%m%d)
# 4.创建文件名
file1=${filename}${date1}
file2=${filename}${date2}
file3=${filename}${date3}
# 5.创建文件
touch "$file1"
touch "$file2"
touch "$file3"

sum.sh

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#!/bin/bash
# Program:
# 	User inputs 2 integer number; program will cross these two numbers.
# History:
# 2017/01/01	beiping96	First release
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH

echo -e "You SHOULD input 2 numbers, I will cross them! \n"
read -p "first number: " firstnu
read -p "second number: " secnu
total=$(($firstnu*$secnu))
echo -e "\nThe result of $firstnu x $secnu is ==> $total"

Command test

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#!/bin/bash
# Program:
# 	User input a filename, program will check the flowing:
# 		1.exist?
# 		2.file/directory?
# 		3.file permissions?
# History:
# 2017/01/01	beiping96	First release
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH

# 1.输入文件名，判断是否是字符串
echo -e "Please input a filename, i will check the filename's type and permission.\n\n"
read -p "Input a filename: " filename
test -z $filename && echo "You MUST input a filename." && exit 0
# 2.判断文件是否存在？不存在则结束脚本
test ! -e $filename && echo "The filename '$filename' DO NOT exist" && exit 0
# 3.判断文件类型和属性
test -f $filename && filetype="regulare file"
test -d $filename && filetype="directory"
test -r $filename && perm="readable"
test -w $filename && perm="$perm writable"
test -x $filename && perm="$perm executable"
# 4.echo
echo "The filename: $filename is a $filetype"
echo "And the permission are: $perm"

文件类型判断

Command Desc
test -e filename 判断filename是否存在
test -f filename 判断filename是否存在 且 是文件
test -d filename 判断filename是否存在 且 是目录
test -b filename 判断filename是否存在 且 是block device
test -c filename 判断filename是否存在 且 是character device
test -S filename 判断filename是否存在 且 是Socket
test -p filename 判断filename是否存在 且 是FIFO(pipe)
test -L filename 判断filename是否存在 且 是Link
#### 文件权限判断
Command Desc
:–: :–
test -r filename 判断filename是否存在 且 具有read权限
test -w filename 判断filename是否存在 且 具有write权限
test -x filename 判断filename是否存在 且 具有execute权限
test -u filename 判断filename是否存在 且 具有set-user-id属性
test -g filename 判断filename是否存在 且 具有set-group-id属性
test -k filename 判断filename是否存在 且 具有sticky-bit属性
test -s filename 判断filename是否存在 且 不是空白文件(size>0)
#### 文件比较
Command Desc
:–: :–
test file1 -nt file2 (newer than)判断file1是否比file2新
test file1 -ot file2 (older than)判断file1是否比file2旧
test file1 -ef file2 依据文件inode，判断file1和file2是否是同一个文件，可用于判断hard link
#### 整数比较
Command Desc
:–: :–
test num1 -eq num2 num1 == num2 (equal)
test num1 -ne num2 num1 != num2 (not equal)
test num1 -gt num2 num1 > num2 (greater than)
test num1 -lt num2 num1 < num2 (less than)
test num1 -ge num2 num1 >= num2 (greater than or equal)
test num1 -le num2 num1 <= num2 (less than or equal)
#### 字符串判断
Command Desc
:–: :–
test -z str 判断str是否为空(if str == nil {return true} return false)
test -n str 判断str是否为空(if str == nil {return false} return true)
test str1 = str2 判断str1是否等于str2
test str1 != str2 判断str1是否不等于str2
#### 多重判断
Command Desc
:–: :–
test -r file -a -x file (AND) 当file同时具有r和x权限时，返回true
test -r file -o -x file (OR) 当file具有r或者x权限时，返回true
test ! -x file (NOT) 当file不具有x权限时，返回true
### readPlus.sh by []
[]的用法与test基本相同
使用[]两侧必须加入空格，例[ $x == $y ] 
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#!/bin/bash
# Program:
# 	This program shows the user's choice
# History:
# 2017/01/01	beiping96	First release
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH

# 用户输入 Y y N n
read -p "Please input (Y/N): " yn
# 检查是否合法
[ "$yn" == "Y" -o "$yn" == "y" ] && echo "OK, continue" && exit 0
[ "$yn" == "N" -o "$yn" == "n" ] && echo "OH, interrupt!" && exit 0
echo "I don't know what your choice is" && exit 0

Shell Script Default Arguments $0,$1...

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# 执行脚本
/home/xx/arg.sh arg1 arg2 arg3
	$0			$1   $2   $3

# 以下特殊变量可在脚本中使用
$# 	# 代表脚本参数个数 上例中为3
$@ 	# 代表 "$1" "$2" "$3" 每个参数独立在双引号内
$* 	# 代表 "$1 $2 $3" 每个参数之间用空格分隔

echoArg.sh

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#!/bin/bash
# Program:
# 	Program shows the script name, parameters...
# History:
# 2017/01/01	beiping96	First release
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH

echo "The script name is 		==> $0"
echo "Total parameter number is ==> $#"
[ "$#" -lt 2 ] && echo "The number of parameter is less than 2. Stop here." && exit 0
echo "Your whole parameter is 	==> '$@'"
echo "The 1st parameter 		==> $1"
echo "The 2nd parameter 		==> $2"
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sh echoArg.sh theone haha quot
# The script name is 		==> echoArg.sh
# Total parameter number is ==> 3
# Your whole parameter is 	==> 'theone haha quot'
# The 1st parameter 		==> theone
# The 2nd parameter 		==> haha

shift.sh 变量偏移

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#!/bin/bash
# Program:
# 	Program shows the effect of shift function.
# History:
# 2017/01/01	beiping96	First release
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH

echo "Total parameter number is ==> $#"
echo "Your whole parameter is 	==> '$@'"
shift 		# shift 一个
echo "Total parameter number is ==> $#"
echo "Your whole parameter is 	==> '$@'"
shift 3 	# shift 三个 
echo "Total parameter number is ==> $#"
echo "Your whole parameter is 	==> '$@'"
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sh shift.sh one two three four five six

# 		原始参数
# Total parameter number is ==> 6
# Your whole parameter is 	==> 'one two three four five six'
# 		偏移1位
# Total parameter number is ==> 5
# Your whole parameter is 	==> 'two three four five six'
# 		偏移3位
# Total parameter number is ==> 2
# Your whole parameter is 	==> 'five six'

if.sh

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#!/bin/bash
# Program:
# 	This program shows the user's choice.
# History:
# 2017/01/01	beiping96	First release
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH

read -p "Please input(Y/N): " yn

if [ "$yn" == "Y" ] || [ "$yn" == "y" ]; then
	echo "OK, continue"
	exit 0
fi

if [ "$yn" == "N" ] || [ "$yn" == "n" ]; then
	echo "OH, interrupt!"
	exit 0
fi

echo "I don't know what your choice is" && exit 0

ifElse.sh

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#!/bin/bash
# Program:
# 	This program shows the user's choice.
# History:
# 2017/01/01	beiping96	First release
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH

read -p "Please input(Y/N): " yn

if [ "$yn" == "Y" ] || [ "$yn" == "y" ]; then
	echo "OK, continue"
elif [ "$yn" == "N" ] || [ "$yn" == "n" ]; then
	echo "OH, interrupt!"
else
	echo "I don't know what your choice is"
fi
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#!/bin/bash
# Program:
# 	Check $1 is equal to "hello"
# History:
# 2017/01/01	beiping96	First release
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH

if [ "$1" == "hello" ]; then
	echo "Hello, how are you?"
elif [ "$1" == "" ]; then
	echo "You MUST input parameter, ex> {$0 someword}"
else
	echo "The only parameter is 'hello', ex> {$0 hell0}"
fi
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#!/bin/bash
# Program:
# 	Using netstat and grep to detect WWW,SSH,FTP and Mail services.
# History:
# 2017/01/01	beiping96	First release
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH

echo "Now, i will detect your Linux server's services!"
echo -e "The www,ssh,ftp and mail will be detect!\n"

testing=$(netstat -tuln | grep ":80 ")
if [ "$testing" != "" ]; then
	echo "WWW is running in your system."
fi

testing=$(netstat -tuln | grep ":22 ")
if [ "$testing" != "" ]; then
	echo "SSH is running in your system."
fi

testing=$(netstat -tuln | grep ":21 ")
if [ "$testing" != "" ]; then
	echo "FTP is running in your system."
fi

testing=$(netstat -tuln | grep ":25 ")
if [ "$testing" != "" ]; then
	echo "Mail is running in your system."
fi
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#!/bin/bash
# Program:
# 	You input your demobilization date.
# 	I calculate how many days before you demobilize.
# History:
# 2017/01/01	beiping96	First release
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH

echo "This program will try to calculate :"
echo "How many days before your demobilization date..."

read -p "Please input your demobilization date (YYYYMMDD ex>20090401): " date2

date_d=$(echo $date2 |grep '[0-9]\{8\}')
if [ "$date_d" == "" ]; then
	echo "You input the wrong date format...."
	exit 1
fi

declare -i date_dem=`date --date="$date2" +%s`
declare -i date_now=`date +%s`
declare -i date_total_s=$(($date_dem-$date_now))
declare -i date_d=$(($date_total_s/60/60/24))

if [ "$date_total_s" -lt "0" ]; then
	echo "You had been demobilization before: " $((-1*$date_d)) " ago"
else
	declare -i date_h=$(($(($date_total_s-$date_d*60*60*24))/60/60))
	echo "You will demobilize after $date_d days and $date_h hours."
fi

case.sh

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#!/bin/bash
# Program:
# 	Show "Hello" from $1...
# 	By using case...esac
# History:
# 2017/01/01	beiping96	First release
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH

case $1 in
	"hello")
		echo "Hello, how are you?"
		;;
	"")
		echo "You MUST input parameter, ex> {$0 someword}"
		;;
	*) 	# default
		echo "Usage $0 {hello}"
		;;
esac
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#!/bin/bash
# Program:
# 	Show "Hello" from $1...
# 	By using case...esac
# History:
# 2017/01/01	beiping96	First release
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH

echo "This program will print your selection!"

# read -p "Input your choice: " choice
# case $choice in
case $1 in
	"one")
		echo "Your choice is ONE"
		;;
	"two")
		echo "Your choice is TWO"
		;;
	"three")
		echo "Your choice is THREE"
		;;
	*)
		echo "Usage $0 {one|two|three}"
		;;
esac

function.sh

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#!/bin/bash
# Program:
# 	Use function to repeat information.
# History:
# 2017/01/01	beiping96	First release
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH

function printit() {
	echo -n "Your choice is "
}

echo "This program will print your selection!"
case $1 in
	"one")
		printit; echo $1 | tr 'a-z' 'A-Z'
		;;
	"two")
		printit; echo $1 | tr 'a-z' 'A-Z'
		;;
	"three")
		printit; echo $1 | tr 'a-z' 'A-Z'
		;;
	*)
		echo "Usage $0 {one|two|three}"
		;;
esac
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#!/bin/bash
# Program:
# 	Use function to repeat information.
# History:
# 2017/01/01	beiping96	First release
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH

function printit() {
	echo -n "Your choice is $1"
}

echo "This program will print your selection!"
case $1 in
	"one")
		printit 1
		;;
	"two")
		printit 2
		;;
	"three")
		printit 3
		;;
	*)
		echo "Usage $0 {one|two|three}"
		;;
esac

while.sh

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#!/bin/bash
# Program:
# 	Use loop to calculate "1+2+3+...+100" result.
# History:
# 2017/01/01	beiping96	First release
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH

s=0
i=0
while [ "$i" != "100" ]
do
	i=$(($i+1))
	s=$(($s+$i))
done
echo "The result of '1+2+3+...+100' is ==> $s"
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#!/bin/bash
# Program:
# 	Repeat question until user input correct answer.
# History:
# 2017/01/01	beiping96	First release
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH

while [ "$yn" != "yes" -a "$yn" != "YES" ]
do
	read -p "Please input yes/YES to stop this program: " yn
done
echo "OK!you input the correct answer."

until.sh

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#!/bin/bash
# Program:
# 	Repeat question until user input correct answer.
# History:
# 2017/01/01	beiping96	First release
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH

until [ "$yn" == "yes" -a "$yn" == "YES" ]
do
	read -p "Please input yes/YES to stop this program: " yn
done
echo "OK!you input the correct answer."

for.sh

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#!/bin/bash
# Program:
# 	Using for ... loop to print 3 animals
# History:
# 2017/01/01	beiping96	First release
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH

for animal in dog cat elephant
do
	echo "There are ${animal}s..."
done
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#!/bin/bash
# Program:
# 	Use id, finger command to check system account's information.
# History:
# 2017/01/01	beiping96	First release
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH

users=$(cut -d ':' -f1 /etc/passwd)
for username in $users
do
	id $username
	finger $username
done
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#!/bin/bash
# Program:
# 	Use ping command to check the network's PC state.
# History:
# 2017/01/01	beiping96	First release
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH

network="192.168.1.1"
for sitenu in $(seq 1 100)
do
	ping -c 1 w 1 ${network}.${sitenu} &> /dev/null && result=0 || result=1
	if [ $result == 0 ]; then
		echo "Server ${network}.${sitenu} is UP."
	else
		echo "Server ${network}.${sitenu} is DOWN."
	fi
done
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#!/bin/bash
# Program:
# 	User input dir name, i find the permission of files.
# History:
# 2017/01/01	beiping96	First release
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH

read -p "Please input a directory: " dir
if [ "$dir" == "" -o ! -d "$dir" ]; then
	echo "This $dir is NOT exist in your system."
	exit 1
fi

filelist=$(ls $dir)
for filename in $filelist
do
	perm=""
	test -r "$dir/$filename" && perm="$perm readable"
	test -w "$dir/$filename" && perm="$perm writable"
	test -x "$dir/$filename" && perm="$perm executable"
	echo "The file $dir/$filename's permission is $perm"
done
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#!/bin/bash
# Program:
# 	Try do calculate 1+2+...+${user_input}
# History:
# 2017/01/01	beiping96	First release
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH

read -p "Please input a number, i will count for 1+2+...+user_input: " nu

s=0
for (( i=1; i<=$nu; i=i+1 ))
do
	s=$(($s+$i))
done
echo "The result of '1+2+...+$nu' is ==> $s"

SVN_post_commit.sh

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#!/bin/bash
# Program:
# 	Add Jira comment when SVN commit
# history:
# 2017/02/28	beiping96	First release
# 2017/03/01	beiping96	Format comment
REPOS="$1"
REV="$2"
LOG=`svnlook log -r $REV $REPOS`
LOG_INFO="User:"
LOG_INFO=${LOG_INFO}`svnlook author -r $REV $REPOS`
LOG_INFO=${LOG_INFO}" \\\\\\\\Comment:${LOG} \\\\\\\\SVN_ID:${REV} \\\\\\\\ Change:      "
LOG_INFO=${LOG_INFO}`echo $(svnlook changed -r $REV $REPOS)`
LOG_INFO=`echo ${LOG_INFO} | sed 's/[[:space:]][[:space:]]*[ADU_][U[:space:]]/ \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\  /g'`
LOG_INFO=`echo ${LOG_INFO}`

# Parse Jira issue id
function parse_jira_ids() {
	for ID in "$(echo $LOG | grep -Po '[A-Z]*-[0-9]*')"
	do
		echo $ID
	done
}

JIRA_IDS=$(parse_jira_ids)
for JIRA_ID in $JIRA_IDS
do
	curl -D- -u xingrui:112233 -X POST --data "{\"body\":\"${LOG_INFO}\"}" -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://xx.com:8088/rest/api/2/issue/"$JIRA_ID"/comment
done

Shell Script DEBUG

Command Desc
sh -n xx.sh 不运行，仅检查语法问题
sh -v xx.sh 运行前，先将xx.sh的内容打印到屏幕
sh -x xx.sh 将xx.sh的运行过程全部列出来(常用)